Niger’s government has taken control of the Somair uranium mine, previously operated by French state-owned nuclear fuel company, Orano. This development marks a significant escalation in Niger’s effort to redefine its relationship with foreign entities managing its mineral wealth.
Orano, which held a 63% stake in the Somair mine, confirmed that it has lost operational control of the facility. This follows the Nigerien government’s revocation of a key mining permit in June 2024, a decision that triggered export blockades and led to the cessation of operations in October. Financial and logistical constraints compounded the challenges, leaving Orano unable to sustain its activities in one of the world’s most uranium-rich regions.
The mine, a cornerstone of Niger’s uranium production, has historically been a critical supplier to the global nuclear energy sector, contributing 4% of the world’s uranium supply. The government’s move to reclaim the mine aligns with a broader strategy to renegotiate foreign mining contracts and reform regulations to maximize the country’s share of resource-derived revenues.
Niger’s decision to nationalize the mine comes against a backdrop of deteriorating relations with France. Paris has refused to recognize the legitimacy of Niger’s military-led government, which came to power following a coup in July 2023. This political rift has seen France withdraw its troops from Niger, and the West African nation expel the French ambassador.
The move to reassess foreign mining operations appears to be a key element of Niger’s broader policy shift under the military government. Leaders in Niamey have emphasized the need to reclaim control over strategic sectors, particularly uranium, which has been a focal point of French economic interests in Niger for decades.
The decision to take over Somair could signal a turning point for Niger’s mining sector, which has long been dominated by foreign companies. By increasing its control over uranium production, Niger aims to ensure that more of the profits from its natural resources are reinvested into the local economy, potentially boosting development in the country.
However, this move also raises questions about the future of Niger’s uranium exports. The country’s ability to maintain production levels, attract alternative investments, and navigate the complex logistics of exporting uranium without the established networks of foreign operators like Orano will be critical.
Globally, the shift could impact uranium supply chains, particularly in Europe, where France is a leading nuclear energy producer. Any prolonged disruption in Niger’s uranium output could contribute to price volatility in an already sensitive market.
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